Browsing by Author "Negredo, Eugenia"

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    A Randomized, Open-Label Study of a Nucleoside Analogue Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor-Sparing Regimen in Antiretroviral-Naive HIV-Infected Patients
    (2009-03) Harris, Marianne; Côté, Hélène; Ochoa, Claudia; Allavena, Clotilde; Negredo, Eugenia; Thorne, Anona; Cahn, Pedro; Raffi, Francois; Clotet, Bonaventura; Singer, Joel; Montaner, Julio; The CTN 177 Study Team
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    Effectiveness of Protease Inhibitor Monotherapy versus Combination Antiretroviral Maintenance Therapy: A Meta-Analysis
    (2011) Mathis, Steven; Khanlari, Babak; Pulido, Francisco; Schechter, Mauro; Negredo, Eugenia; Nelson, Mark; Vernazza, Pietro; Cahn, Pedro; Meynard, Jean-Luc; Arribas, Jose; Bucher, Heiner C.
    Background: The unparalleled success of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is based on the combination of three drugs from two classes. There is insufficient evidence whether simplification to ritonavir boosted protease inhibitor (PI/r) monotherapy in virologically suppressed HIV-infected patients is effective and safe to reduce cART side effects and costs. Methods: We systematically searched Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, conference proceedings and trial registries to identify all randomised controlled trials comparing PI/r monotherapy to cART in suppressed patients. We calculated in an intention to treat (loss-of follow-up, discontinuation of assigned drugs equals failure) and per-protocol analysis (exclusion of protocol violators following randomisation) and based on three different definitions for virological failure pooled risk ratios for remaining virologically suppressed. Findings: We identified 10 trials comparing 3 different PIs with cART based on a PI/r plus 2 reverse transcriptase inhibitors in 1189 patients. With the most conservative approach (viral load <50 copies/ml on two consecutive measurements), the risk ratios for viral suppression at 48 weeks of PI/r monotherapy compared to cART were in the ITT analysis 0.94 8 (95% CI 0.89 to 1.00) p = 0.06; risk difference -0.06 (95%CI -0.11 to 0) p = 0.05, p for heterogeneity = 0.08, I(2) = 43.1%) and in the PP analysis 0.93 ((95%CI 0.90 to 0.97) p<0.001; risk difference -0.07 (95%CI -0.10 to -0.03) p<0.001, p for heterogeneity = 0.44, I(2) = 0%). Reintroduction of cART in 44 patients with virological failure led in 93% to de-novo viral suppression. Interpretation: Virologically well suppressed HIV-infected patients have a lower chance to maintain viral suppression when switching from cART to PI/r monotherapy. Failing patients achieve high rates of de-novo viral suppression following reintroduction of reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
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    HIV and aging, biological mechanisms, and therapies: What do we know?
    (Permanyer Publications, 2022) Grosso, Tomás M.; Alcamí, José; Arribas, Jose; Martín, Marta; Sereti, Irini; Tarr, Philip; Cahn, Pedro; Clotet, Bonaventura; Sued, Omar; Negredo, Eugenia
    Aging, a time-dependent loss of physiological function, and its drivers are turning into a significant topic of research as the population's mean age increases. Epigenetic alterations, telomere shortening or dysfunction, mitogenic stress, oxidative stress, or accumulation of DNA damage can drive the cell to senescence: a permanent cell cycle arrest sometimes associated with a secretory phenotype and inflammatory consequences in the surrounding tissue. The amount of senescent cells grows over time in older organisms and may induce tissue inflammation and threaten overall tissue homeostasis, favoring aging. Senolytic and senomorphic therapeutics are an emerging approach to eliminate senescent cells or to block their secretory phenotypes respectively. Given that people living with HIV suffer non-AIDS comorbidities in a higher prevalence than the general population, aging is accentuated among them. Inflammation biomarkers may be helpful to assess prognosis or act as surrogate endpoints for studies of strategies focused on reversal of HIV-associated accelerated aging. This review summarizes the latest findings in aging and its major drivers, under the light of HIV infection. Since the number of older PLWH is currently rising, it will be of great importance to address and treat their age-related conditions, as well as to better decipher their biological mechanisms.