Latin America Priorities after 40 years of the beginning of the HIV pandemic
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2021-07
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Abstract
On June 5th, 1981, the MMWR reported the first 5 cases of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (later renamed as P. Jirovecii) presenting since October 1980 among young gay males, which became the first report of AIDS. By 1984, most Latin American (LA) countries had reported cases and started to develop their responses. Early in the 90´s, Brazil and Argentina were the first non-high-income countries to establish public free antiretroviral programs and paved the route for a public health approach for global treatment.
LA used to be the developing region with higher HIV treatment coverage, i.e., in 2005, it was 20% compared with 3% in Sub Saharan Africa, but in the last decade, the progress has slowed. In 2019, LA scored below the 90-90-90 global figures, with 77%, 60%, 53% for people diagnosed, on treatment and suppressed, respectively, below the global figures of 81%, 67% and 59%. Of more concern, between 2010 and 2020, the number of new cases increased 21% (compared to a global reduction of 23%), and deaths decreased only 8% compared to the global 39%.1 Deaths by tuberculosis coinfection increased 7% between 2010 and 2017.2
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O. Sued and P. Cahn, Latin America Priorities after 40 years of the beginning of the HIV pandemic, The Lancet Regional Health - Americas, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2021.100024