Fink, ValeriaShepherd, Bryan E.Cesar, CarinaKrolewiecki, Alejandro J.Wehbe, FranciscoCortes, ClaudiaCrabtree-Ramirez, BrendaPadgett, DenisShafaee, MehdiSchechter, MauroGotuzzo, EduardoBacon, MelanieMcGowan, Catherine C.Cahn, PedroMasys, Daniel R.Caribbean Central South America Network for HIV Research Collaboration of the International Epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS Program2024-05-232024-05-232011Fink, V., Shepherd, B. E., Cesar, C., Krolewiecki, A. J., Wehbe, F., Cortes, C. P., ... Cahn, P. (2011). Cancer in HIV-infected persons from the Caribbean, Central and South America. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 56(5), 467-473.2011;56:467–473https://repositorio.huesped.org.ar/handle/123456789/1093Background: HIV-infected individuals have heightened cancer risk. With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the frequency of some AIDS-defining cancers (ADC) has decreased although certain non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADC) are becoming more frequent. Cancers among HIV-infected individuals in Latin American and the Caribbean have not yet been carefully studied. Methods: Cancer cases among the Caribbean, Central and South American network for HIV Research (CCASAnet) cohort were identified reviewing clinical records and pre-existing databases. Results: There were 406 cancers reported: 331 ADC (224 Kaposi sarcomas and 98 non Hodgkin lymphomas). Most frequent NADC (n = 75) were Hodgkin lymphoma and skin cancers. Seventy-three percent of NADC and 45% of ADC were diagnosed >1 year after HIV diagnosis. Fifty-six percent of ADC occurred before HAART start. Median time from HAART start until cancer diagnosis was 2.5 years for NADC and 0.5 years for ADC (P = <0.001). Within 3372 HAART starters, 158 were diagnosed with 165 cancers (82.4% ADC); 85 cases were previous to or concomitant with HAART initiation. Incidence of cancer after HAART initiation in 8080 person-years of follow-up was 7.2 per 1000 person-years (95% confidence interval = 5.5 to 9.3) for ADC and 2.7 (95% confidence interval = 1.8 to 4.1) for NADC; incidence was higher in the first 2 months, particularly for ADC (47.6). A pre-HAART ADC was a predictor of mortality after adjusting for age, sex, and CD4 at HAART initiation. Conclusions: ADC were the most frequent cancers in this region and were often diagnosed close to HIV diagnosis and HAART start. Incidence of cancer was highest around HAART initiation.CancerHIV-Infected PersonsCaribbean, Central, South America